The Seven Major Systems of Cosmetic Formulations
Regardless of the formulation type or specific requirements of cosmetics,
cosmetic formulations are composed of the following basic modules:
emulsification system, functional system, thickening system, antioxidant system, preservative system, sensory modification system, and safety assurance system.
1. Emulsification System: This system is primarily composed of emulsifiers, oils, and water-based raw materials, forming the basic framework of emulsion-type products.
The rationality of its design directly impacts the stability of the product.
This module forms the core of the base system for creams and lotions.
The appearance and stability of creams and lotions are determined by this module.
2. The functional system is primarily composed of functional additive ingredients, with the primary objective of achieving the designed product functionality.
The rationality and effectiveness of its design are primarily reflected in the results of product functionality evaluations.
3. The thickening system is primarily composed of thickening agents and viscosity-regulating ingredients, with the objective of adjusting product viscosity.
The rationality of its design directly affects the product's sensory effects.
4. Antioxidant system: This system is primarily composed of antioxidant raw materials.
It prevents the degradation of easily oxidised raw materials in the product and extends the product's shelf life.
5. Preservative system: This system is primarily composed of preservative raw materials.
It prevents microbial contamination and secondary contamination of the product, thereby extending the product's shelf life.
6. Sensory modification system, primarily composed of fragrance and pigment raw materials, to improve the product's sensory characteristics,
enhance its visual appeal, provide consumers with sensory enjoyment, and stimulate their purchasing desire.
7. Safety Assurance System, primarily composed of anti-allergic raw materials,
reduces consumer usage risks and is of significant importance to formulation safety.
The requirements for these modules vary depending on the product's formulation and characteristics.
Creams and lotions require all seven modules, while liquid formulations only require five of the seven modules.
